China, Japan, and South Korea have driven the sharpest declines among the world's largest economies. Related Articles: How Labor Scarcity Can Turn Populatio

Lower birth rates predict higher per-worker growth, but no comparable lift in aggregate GDP. Related Articles: How Labor Scarcity Can Turn Population Decli

 China's trade openness spiked and partly retreated after its mid-2000s export boom.

The EU to China leverage gap has closed almost completely.

QE has little additional inflation effect during a slow recovery, but a faster rebound produces a sharp, temporary overshoot. Related Articles:

QE cushions the output decline in a deep liquidity trap, keeping output above the no-QE baseline throughout the recovery. Related Articles:

Same technology, two paths.

Longevity outcomes are built from four channels working together, not from any single event. Related Articles: [Longevity and Inequality] When

Qualifications show a stronger association with employment than certification alone. Related Articles: The Training Gap Behind the Rise of SuperHuman Labo

A containment failure became economically meaningful once it offered public evidence of OpenAI’s frontier cyber capability. Related Articles: Agentic AI H

The lines split hard twice: debt soars after WWII while service costs barely move; service costs soar in the 1980s while debt stays flat. Related Articles:

Every stretch above zero, especially the 1980s, lines up with real fiscal tightening.

Civil-service protections appear to absorb the income damage linked to populist rule. Related Articles: Civil Service Independence: The Overlooked S

Lower cross-border banking barriers raise output across the euro area, although the gains vary sharply by country. Related Articles:

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Countries with heavier licensing tend to have lower income per person, although the relationship is descriptive rather than causal. Related Articles:

Regulation strengthened far less after 2008 than after earlier financial crises. Related Articles: When Euro Banks Fail: The Case for Cross-Border Banki

The convenience yield on US public safe assets has fallen sharply and remained near or below zero since late 2024. Related Articles: The Dolla

Foreign ownership of US public safe debt has fallen from roughly 45% to around 30%, while foreign ownership of private safe debt has remained broadly stable. Related Articles:

Source: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Related Articles: “Europe Must Defend Europe”: U.S.