Foreign exporters absorbed nearly half the 2025 tariff shock, new data show Toyota cut export prices instead of raising costs for American buyers Currency depreciation added a second, quieter discount alongside price cuts Toyot

Foreign exporters absorbed nearly half of 2025's tariff shock Toyota cut export prices instead of raising American sticker prices Currency depreciation added a second, quiet discount on top By the third quarter of

Immigration fell sharply but native wage gains never arrived AI is weakening entry-level jobs as migrant labor contracts High-skill immigration supports growth and deserves separate treatment Net international migration to the

Japan’s productive small firms struggle to scale Capital constraints, not culture, drive the gap Mergers can unlock investment and productivity Small companies employ

Data centers create construction jobs, few permanent ones Labor shortages, not automation, are the real bottleneck Incentives should reward construction, fund trade training A hyperscale campus in Lebanon, Indiana w

GLP-1 treatment cuts long sickness absence and creates wider public savings Public coverage works best when governments negotiate prices and target clinical need Competition and changing diets are widening the economic effects of obesity drugs

Downturns can push households to work more as income and security weaken Monetary tightening may trigger the shock without uniquely causing the labor response Policy should separate rate effects from broader household self-insurance during recessions

Routine jobs can disappear while labor’s aggregate income share stays stable AI may raise output while concentrating wages among fewer workers Policy should track headcount, pay and productivity alongside labour share <

Media coverage volume shapes inflation expectations, mainly among politically neutral viewers Partisan viewers barely shift; their channels already discuss inflation nonstop Repetition matters most once personal experience stops predicting prices

Markets already price a startup's future U.S. expansion, rewarding CEOs with multinational track records European founders now treat U.S.

Japan doubled defense spending in three years; Europe still argues over percentages Germany faces the same China shock Japan absorbed decades ago, only slower Japan's soft power now outpaces France's, a shift Europe has barely noticed

The EU got Japan's tariff rate in 2025, ranking it a managed market, not an equal Chinese EV tariffs failed; car exports rose 26% the next year anyway Japan's faster defense buildup is a playbook Europe hasn't seriously adopted yet

QE saved 2008 without inflation but fueled a 40-year high in 2021 The difference was the regime: deep slack in 2008, near-full employment in 2021 Supply shocks plus unspent savings turned overheating risk into a real inflation surge

Lower birth rates predict higher GDP per worker, not decline Labor scarcity drives technology, not economic shrinkage AI and robots may be repeating that pattern now, starting with China A one-percentage-point drop in a country

Lower switching costs make deposit rates respond faster to central-bank moves The same digital convenience can accelerate deposit flight during stress Bank supervision must now operate in hours, not weeks On March 9, 2023,

China’s export-first strategy delivered a record $992 billion surplus in 2024 Heavy subsidies helped Chinese industries, especially EVs, outpace Western competitors China and the West are now managing rivalry, not pursuing convergence

Public trust in AI is falling even as use rises, and marketing isn't why Rushed rollouts, low-friction tools, and narrower hiring are the real causes Better deployment and real entry paths, not ad rules, will rebuild trust

The Economy Research Editorial*

Debt-service costs reveal fiscal pressure better than debt ratios alone Financing conditions determine when high debt becomes a real budget constraint Caribbean economies show why volatile states need wider fiscal buffers A ten p

Professional civil services limit the economic damage linked to populist rule Patronage replaces expertise with loyalty and weakens public performance Merit-based hiring protects growth, contracts and institutional stability